Gallstones are fattest deposits of digestive fluid that can occur in a person’s gallbladder. Your gallbladder is a tiny, pear -looked organ on the right side of the person’s abdomen, just beneath an individual’s liver. The gallbladder carries a digestive fluid called bile that’s released into the small intestine of the person.
Symptoms
Gallstones may form no signs or symptoms. If a gallstone lodges in a duct and occurs a blockage, the causings signs and symptoms may include:
- Sudden and rapid intensifying pain in the top right portion of the person’s abdomen.
- Sudden and rapid intensifying pain in the center of the person’s abdomen, just below the breastbone.
- Back pain between the shoulder blades.
- Pain in the right shoulder.
- Nausea and vomiting
Types of gallstones
Types of gallstones which can occur in the gallbladder include:
- Cholesterol gallstones. The most normal type of gallstone, known as cholesterol gallstone, oftenly appeared as yellow in color. These gallstones are composed usually of undissolved cholesterol, but can include other components.
- Pigment gallstones. These darker brown and black stones form when the person’s bile includes bilirubin in high amounts.
Causes
- Person bile carries too much cholesterol. Normally, the person’s bile includes enough chemicals to dissolve the cholesterol excreted by their liver.
- Person bile contains more and more bilirubin. Bilirubin is a chemical that forms when the body breaks down into the red blood cells.
- Person gallbladder doesn’t empty properly. If the person’s gallbladder doesn’t empty completely and often enough, bile can become more concentrated.
Prevention
- Don’t skip food.
- Reduce your weight slowly.
- Eat more high-fiber meals.
- Manage a healthy weight.
The management of common bile duct stones in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
The management of suspected and/or unsuspected common bile duct (CBD) stones in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is controversial. Decisions on whether to perform an open CBD exploration versus employing therapeutic options such as preoperative/post-operative endoscopic retrograde cholangiography (ERCP) or endoscopic duct exploration are polemic. To determine indications, timing, benefits, and potential morbidity of these approaches, we gathered data on 401 patients undergoing LC within the last 18 months. Indications for preoperative ERCP included jaundice (40%), dilated ducts (28%), elevated amylase (19%) or alkaline phosphatase (21%), suspicion of CBD stones by ultrasound (17%) and “other” (17%). Indications for postoperative ERCP were retained stones (33%) and CBD evaluation (67%). Indications for CBD exploration included abnormal cholangiogram (64%), palpable stones (18%), and other (18%). A significant correlation was observed between suspected stones by ultrasound and stones found by ERCP (P < 0.01). For patients in the “other” category, preoperative ERCP was universally negative (P = 0.04).
